Yellowing and wilting of black pepper vines is a serious concern in many black pepper growing tracts where Pythium deliense was recently emerged as a pathogen from the rhizosphere of affected vines, which is proved to be pathogenic by Koch’s postulates. As a measure to manage the symptoms, bioagents were evaluated against infection by P. deliense.
Among the seven bioagents tested, Trichoderma harzianum and Streptomyces albulus showed 100% inhibition in vitro followed by one Streptomyces sp. and S. rimosus (75.33%). The potential ones were further evaluated under the hydroponic system in vivo by challenge inoculation. No root infection was noticed with T. harzianum and S. albulus inoculation, instead, the inoculated plants showed root regeneration. This suggests the efficiency of these bioagents on plant growth promotion as well as on disease suppression. Biochemical analysis of the hydroponic medium showed an increase in membrane conductivity in all the treatments except in T. harzianum.
The release of phenolic compounds into the medium was lowest with T. harzianum indicating the prevention of pathogen invasion. In planta evaluation under greenhouse condition and field evaluation also showed the protective effect of T. harzianum and S. albulus with a reduction in the intensity of yellowing to an extent of 73.1% and 71.2%, respectively. The study revealed that T. harzianum and the actinomycete S. albulus had the potential to prevent the root rot caused by P. deliense.
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Purayil, Subila & Bhai, Suseela. (2021). Efficacy of bioagents against Pythium deliense Meurs associated with yellowing of black pepper. Archives of Microbiology. 1-8. 10.1007/s00203-021-02252-3.