Last week, Russia already announced it wanted to impose economic sanctions against Turkey in retaliation for the downing of the Russian war plane. Last weekend, the Russian government published the list of measures, which still leaves many questions unanswered, and brings up new ones.
During the G20 summit in Antalya (Turkey) on November 15-16, Russian president Putin (left) and Turkish president Erdogan met. source: Kremlin
The Russian government imposes a limit on the import of "certain goods". What products will end up on this list exactly, remains unclear. In addition, a ban has been issued on "certain business activities" by Turkish companies on Russian soil. Restrictions have also been enacted on hiring Turkish employees, which is mainly expected to hit the construction sector. In that sector, Turkish companies have been making quite a bit of headway recently.
In terms of logistics, measures have also been taken. Charter flights between the countries are banned, Turkish transport business that operate in Russia are inspected more strictly, and customs was ordered to tighten inspections of Turkish ships in the ports at the Azov and the Black Sea.
Finally, there won't be any visa-free travelling for Turks to Russia, and tourist trips to Turkey are discouraged. This puts a stop to the flow of 4.5 million Russian tourists who travel to Turkey each year. Of all tourists visiting Turkey, twelve percent comes from Russia.
The sanctions remain in force until the situation changes. Russia also hinted that the sanctions could be tightened, for instance by postponing construction of a gas pipeline in the Black Sea, and construction of a nuclear plant.